Gansu CDC reminds： Beware of six infectious diseases in March.

At present, primary and secondary schools and kindergartens in all parts of Gansu Province have started school one after another. In order to ensure that children can participate in their new study and life in the best condition, the Gansu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention recently issued a disease prevention reminder in March to guard against the following six infectious diseases.

COVID-19:

Carry a mask with you and prepare disinfection supplies.

During the Spring Festival travel rush period from January 28th to March 8th, a large number of migrant workers returned to their hometowns for the Spring Festival, and the flow of people increased. During the trip, they were often in crowded and closed places, with limited sanitary facilities and physical fatigue, which increased the spread risk of novel coronavirus.

"People’s Republic of China (PRC) Infectious Diseases Prevention Law" is a Class B infectious disease, but Class A management measures are implemented. People are generally susceptible, mainly through respiratory droplets and close contact, and it is possible to spread through aerosols when exposed to high concentrations of aerosols for a long time in a relatively closed environment.

Winter is the season of high incidence of respiratory infectious diseases, so we need to be vigilant in epidemic prevention and control, and continue to do personal protection to prevent the COVID-19 epidemic from rebounding.

Specific preventive measures are: carry a mask with you, prepare hand-washing disinfectant, disinfection wipes and other items; Minimize going to closed places and crowd gathering places and reduce dinner; Try to keep a safe distance of more than 1 meter from others when going out, wear masks in closed places and crowded places, and pay attention to the etiquette of coughing and sneezing; It is recommended to sit down at intervals or eat on the same side in the restaurant, and keep a distance of more than 1 meter from others; When taking airplanes, trains and other means of transportation, you should abide by the order and crew management requirements, wear masks throughout the journey, do a good job of hand hygiene, and properly keep the bills for inquiry; Keep the home environment clean, ventilate and dry clothes and quilts frequently; Reasonable diet, strengthening nutrition, moderate exercise, and maintaining a healthy body; Do a good job in personal health monitoring. If there are symptoms such as fever, dry cough and fatigue, seek medical advice in time and take the initiative to inform the doctor of his living history; Workers in key places such as farmers’ markets, food processing plants and slaughterhouses should pay attention to ventilation and disinfection of places and health monitoring of employees, so as to prevent employees from going to work sick.

Chickenpox:

Highly contagious people are generally susceptible.

Chickenpox is an acute infectious disease caused by the initial infection of varicella-zoster virus. The main symptoms are fever, headache, general malaise, loss of appetite, rash within 24 hours of onset, and the skin lesions show the evolution process from tiny red maculopapular rash to herpes, scabbing and scabbing.

Chickenpox virus is mainly transmitted through respiratory tract through droplets, or through contact with articles contaminated by virus. The patient is the only source of infection, which is highly contagious and the population is generally susceptible.

Vaccination of school-age children with varicella vaccine is the most economical and effective measure to prevent varicella. Immunization procedure: two doses are given voluntarily at one’s own expense. The first dose is recommended to be vaccinated between 12 months and 24 months, and the second dose is completed at the age of 4 to 6. For children from 12 months to 12 years old who have not completed two doses of vaccination according to the procedure, the interval between the second dose and the first dose is suggested to be 6 weeks to 3 months; For older children (≥13 years old) or adults who have not completed two doses of vaccination according to the procedure, the interval between the second dose and the first dose is suggested to be more than 6 weeks.

Develop good hygiene habits and achieve "four diligence and one more": wash hands frequently, ventilate frequently, dry clothes and quilts frequently, exercise frequently and drink plenty of water; School classrooms should always be ventilated with windows to keep the indoor environment clean and tidy.

Respiratory syncytial virus:

Can cause lung infection in infants.

Respiratory syncytial virus is one of the most common respiratory pathogens in pediatrics. 90% of the symptoms are common cold, with cough, nasal congestion and even high fever at the beginning. Highly contagious, the main route of transmission: through coughing, sneezing and other respiratory droplets; It is spread through direct contact with eyes, nose and mouth after touching contaminated desktop, toys and other items.

The main preventive measures of respiratory syncytial virus: disinfection of pollutants and hands, isolation of patients. It is helpful to reduce the infection rate of respiratory syncytial virus by avoiding crowd gathering and close contact with infected people during the epidemic period.

When school starts, students should protect themselves, wash their hands frequently and wear masks. Information photo

Flu:

Vaccination is available throughout the epidemic season.

Influenza is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by influenza virus, which spreads rapidly and can cause seasonal epidemic every year, seriously endangering people’s health. High-risk groups such as pregnant women, infants, the elderly and patients with chronic basic diseases have a higher risk of serious illness and death after suffering from influenza.

Vaccination against influenza is the most effective means to prevent influenza, which can significantly reduce the risk of influenza and serious complications.

Influenza vaccine belongs to the second kind of vaccine in our province, and it is voluntary and self-funded. Anyone who is over 6 months old and has no contraindications to vaccination can be vaccinated. In order to reduce the risk of serious complications in high-risk groups, it is recommended that children aged 6 months to 5 years old, elderly people aged 60 and above, patients with chronic diseases, medical staff, family members and caregivers of infants under 6 months old, pregnant women or women who are planning to get pregnant in the flu season should be given priority vaccination.

Influenza vaccine needs to be vaccinated once a year, preferably before the end of October, in order to provide effective antibody protection during the influenza epidemic in winter and spring. If it is not vaccinated before the end of October in time, it can be vaccinated throughout the epidemic season, which can play a certain protective role.

Norovirus infectious diarrhea:

It is highly contagious and has the ability to spread quickly.

Norovirus-infected diarrhea is high in autumn and winter every year, which is highly contagious and easily spread in kindergartens, schools, factories and other collective units.

Norovirus is highly contagious and has the ability to spread rapidly, and it is the main pathogen of acute gastroenteritis in the world. Its spread can be spread from person to person through inhaling aerosol generated by vomit, or touching the environment polluted by excreta, or through eating contaminated food or water.

It is reported that most cases of norovirus occur in the cool season, that is, between October and March of the following year. Its occurrence places are mainly crowded places such as schools, kindergartens and medical institutions. Therefore, it is very important to take precautions.

There are four specific preventive measures: First, maintaining good hand hygiene is the most important and effective measure to prevent norovirus infection and control the spread of norovirus. Wash your hands correctly according to the six-step washing method before and after meals, and wash them with soap and running water for at least 20 seconds. It should be noted that sterilized paper towels and hand sanitizer without washing can not replace hand washing. Second, clean and disinfect public places such as classrooms, dormitories, canteens, bathrooms, and key parts such as door handles, stair handrails, pools, toilets, elevator buttons, etc., especially the vomit and diarrhea of patients, suspected patients and carriers, and contaminated items, air, drinking water, toilets, etc. at any time. Third, do a good job in the management of drinking water and food safety, carefully clean fruits and vegetables, and cook food correctly, especially the food with high risk of norovirus infection such as shellfish and seafood should be thoroughly cooked. Fourth, patients with norovirus gastroenteritis should be actively isolated at home until two days after the symptoms completely disappear (because patients still have a small amount of detoxification after the symptoms completely disappear), so as to avoid infecting others, especially those engaged in the service industry and collective institutions, such as chefs, nursing workers, school and kindergarten teachers.

Acute gastroenteritis:

Wash your hands frequently and pay attention to food hygiene.

The clinical manifestations of acute gastroenteritis are mainly nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea and fever. Its occurrence is mostly due to improper diet and overeating; Or eat raw, cold, rotten, filthy and unclean food.

At present, the school has started. Experts remind students to keep self-protection awareness, keep good hygiene habits such as washing hands frequently, wearing masks and ventilation, and carry disposable medical masks or surgical masks with them. When in close contact with others, wear masks correctly and regularly and keep a social distance of more than one meter, and pay attention to food hygiene. (All-media reporter Liu Xiaofang)