Space Journey ② How difficult is it to train astronauts？ This project even called Wang Yaping ＂the most challenging＂
through the years
China astronauts dream of space.
Keep making new progress.
space walk
Teaching in the heavenly palace
Manual control and remote operation of Tianzhou-2 cargo spacecraft
Rendezvous and docking test with space station assembly …
There are also space shampoo, space fitness and so on.
New operations wave after wave.
So you know astronauts?
Finish the training story behind these moves?
Let’s learn about it today.
if
Astronaut selection is like panning for gold in the sand.
so
Astronaut training is tempered.
The goal of training
Is to make them
Ideological, physical, psychological and knowledge skills, etc.
various aspects
Have the ability to perform tasks.
Selected reserve astronauts
From being trained to being able to perform a flight mission.
Training of professional astronauts
It usually takes about 4 years.
Usually divided into basic training.
Aerospace professional technical training
Space mission simulation training
Intensive training and task preparation
Four stages
The goals to be achieved in each stage are different.
The key points, requirements and organizational forms of training are different.
Basic training stage
Time:About a year.
Content:Basic theoretical courses such as space environment, basic principles of space flight, structural characteristics and operation mode of spacecraft.
Goal:Make astronauts master the basic knowledge needed for manned space flight and lay a good foundation for subsequent professional and technical training.
Aerospace professional technical training stage
Time:About a year and a half.
Content:Mainly focus on spacecraft technology and various operational skills training such as spacecraft driving and control.
Goal:Enable astronauts to master various operational skills and professional knowledge needed for space flight.
Space mission simulation training stage
Time:About a year.
Content:Focusing on flight procedure and mission simulation training, rendezvous and docking technical training, extravehicular activity technical training and the corresponding technical training of this flight mission, it is the most important training stage before flight.
Goal:Make the astronauts understand the flight plan, task division and requirements, master the normal flight procedures, emergency flight procedures and escape rescue procedures from the beginning of entering the cabin to returning to landing, master the payload operation, rendezvous and docking technology and extravehicular activities skills, and make the flight crew members know each other, get familiar with each other and cooperate tacitly.
Intensive training and task preparation stage
Time:About half a year
Content:Focus on participating in large-scale joint drills, prepare for flight missions, and carry out targeted intensive training on operation and flight procedures and mission simulation for flight crews.
Goal:Make astronauts more proficient and maintain operational skills.
There are eight categories of astronaut training.
More than 100 subjects
During the whole training period
Some training programs or contents
Even if the training requirements have been met.
at set intervals of time
We should also arrange appropriate review training.
One of them isOverweight endurance training
It is the deepest memory of most astronauts.
In a high-speed rotating centrifuge
Ordinary people can only bear 3 to 4 times the acceleration of gravity.
The astronauts have to bear eight times the acceleration of gravity.
On June 20th, 2016, Jing Haipeng conducted overweight endurance training in a centrifuge. Photo by Xu Bu (Xinhua news agency)
Even Wang Yaping called.
"The most challenging thing is overweight endurance training."
"For our centrifuge training,
The body has to bear an overload of 8 g at most,
More vividly,
Eight g’s are equivalent to
Eight, your own weight is on you,
When doing training
Our faces will be deformed,
The chest will feel extremely compressed and it will be difficult to breathe.
Tears will flow out involuntarily,
I can’t control it at all. "
It is admirable that
Every time you do this training,
Astronauts have a red button at hand.
During the training, I felt that I couldn’t stand it anymore.
Press to stop training.
however
Since the establishment of the China Astronaut Brigade in 1998,
More than 20 years have passed
No astronaut has pressed this button.
Wang Yaping said:
“In my mind, this button doesn’t exist.
I think this is a belief and a will."
You must remember "feel good in groups"
Extravehicular activities carried out during the orbit.
In fact, every movement in the sky
The ground must be simulated repeatedly.
One of them is to carry out
Simulated weightlessness flume training
The simulated weightlessness training tank is huge in scale.
A 1:1 space station or spacecraft model can be
Put it in it
Astronauts should wear
More than 120 kilograms of equipment entered the water.
Up to 4 hours of uninterrupted training
Five-hour mission in the sky
50 hours of underwater training on the ground.
One physical exertion is equivalent to running the whole horse.
You can lose one or two kilograms after training.
"Every time after practice.
At dinner,
The hands holding chopsticks are shaking. "
The astronauts are conducting underwater training.
In addition, astronaut training also includes
Rotating chair training to enhance vestibular function
Most people can’t stand it for a minute or two.
The astronauts have to rotate continuously for 15 minutes.
Psychological training
Astronauts should be in a narrow and closed isolation cabin.
Stand the test of anti-fatigue and anti-loneliness
72-hour continuous work
Can’t sleep, can’t leave.
……
On April 18, 2008, astronauts conducted a low-pressure test of spacesuit in the extravehicular spacesuit test cabin. Photo by Zhu Jiutong (Xinhua news agency )
On July 14th, 2013, Fei Junlong conducted a hearing test in the acoustic laboratory. Photo by Zhu Jiutong (Xinhua news agency)
On August 28th, 2015, Jing Haipeng (right) and Chen Dong conducted in-cabin program training in Tiangong No.2 cabin. Photo by Huang Siyu (Xinhua news agency)
Support the astronauts to survive.
It is the "initial heart" that will never be forgotten.
-space dream
"Why fly?"
Jing Haipeng, who flew three times, once said:
"This is my job.
If I do something else, it’s called doing nothing. "
A seemingly easy and simple sentence
It is not only the responsibility and mission of astronauts.
It is also their life dream.
At 9: 56 on April 16th this year.
The return capsule of Shenzhou 13 manned spacecraft landed successfully.
On the morning of May 29th.
At Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center
Shenzhou 14 manned spacecraft
Combined with Long March II F-14 carrier rocket
Has been transported to the launch area.
It is planned to launch in the near future.
What do you think of the astronauts who are going on a business trip
Anything to say?
Welcome to leave a message in the comment area.